Sayed Habibullah Radmanish, Mujtaba Rafie, and Mohammad Usman Aman
Volume 5 Issue 1 | Dec 2023
DOI: 10.31841/KJET.2023.33
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Total Downloads: 4
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Abstract
Assessment of precipitation conditions is a crucial factor in determining an area's current and future climatic conditions. This study investigates precipitation conditions in Kabul City from 2006 to 2020, covering the last 15 years. Research shows that 50% of precipitation occurs in the winter season in Kabul and varies from year to year. The trend line of precipitation has shown a minimal increase of 0.64mm/yr, which is insufficient due to the dense urban population's high-temperature increase and daily water usage. The study aims to assess the precipitation conditions in Kabul for the past 15 years. For this purpose, climatic data from the Afghanistan Meteorological Department (AMD) and daily precipitation data were analyzed. Standard deviation equations were applied to determine the dry and wet years from the average (normal) year. The analysis of the precipitation data demonstrated two periods of severe droughts and one moderate rainy period. The first severe drought occurred from 2007 to 2008, the second period of severe drought occurred from 2016 to 2018, and one moderate rainy period occurred from 2011 to 2014. The results indicate that Kabul City's precipitation is not enough due to the usage of groundwater by the dense urban population, car wash companies, public baths, and the recent establishment of too many greenhouses in the suburbs of Kabul City.
Consequently, the water balance is negative, leading to a shortage. Understanding the precipitation condition of Kabul City and its trends over the past 15 years is crucial for policymakers and stakeholders when making decisions on water resources management, agriculture, food production, and environmental challenges incorporation projects. This research provides valuable information that can support evidence-based decision-making to address the challenges posed by the changing climate patterns in Afghanistan.
Keywords: Kabul city, Precipitation, Drought, Rainfall Anomaly, Trend line, Annual Average.